Sai Yogetha Reddy
Lakshana Surendran
Praveen Pantula
Purpose
We being the students of organizational behavior, it is essential to identify the activities that motivate or influence the employees of an organization. It is a constant endeavor for a student of OB to constantly study and identify these factors in various situations. To start with we wanted to understand the impact of doing an activity narrated in Indian mythology ie Karma Yoga.
Objective
To understand the degree of influence on factors of Organizational Behavior on students of “Foundations of Eastern Philosophy,” who have taken up Social Service (Karma Yoga) as a part of their field study.
The following are the factors of study for assessing the effect on Organizational Behavior:
1. Influence
2. Power
3. Leadership
Approach
Data for this study was collected from the group of 162 students of Great Lakes Institute of Management, who had taken up Foundations of Eastern Philosophy as a course in their curriculum and had done a project “Karma Yoga” serving the needy. These 162 students were organized into groups of 5 each and we have collected data from 1 member of each group. A questionnaire consisting of 9 objective questions and 3 subjective questions was administered on 30 groups.
Assumptions
While there are several factors to study in OB, we thought it would be appropriate to limit our study to the above three mentioned factors and then expand the scope of study slowly. We would like to identify whether there is any value addition to the above factors on the students who have taken up “Karma Yoga” to serve the needy. By doing so it would be interesting to learn the impact on any of the above factors after the project. We strongly felt that deeper understanding of influence, leadership and power can come from understanding of those without them.
Definitions
Leadership: The ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success
Influence: It means to possess the ability to embrace a person/group of people to one’s own will
Power: The ability to impose one’s will on others, even if those others resist in some way.
Relatively Powerless People: Peoples weakness psychologically or socially and some cases economically when compared to people who are strong in all the above factors.
Karma Yoga : As the name of this yogic system implies, the discipline involves action. The aim of Karma Yoga is to attain union with the Supreme by means of right action, which means, quite simply, action undertaken for its own sake and not for the sake of reward. This is the way for those who are moved by compassionate sympathy for those who suffer, and who are therefore eager to work for the alleviation of pain and sorrow. The emphasis in this system is on pure motive, without any taint of self-interest. Through altruistic acts, the follower of Karma Yoga will inevitably come to a deeper understanding of life and an ever closer union with the Divine Life in all beings.
Theory & Hypothesis
For the sake of keeping my report short, I’m just explaining the results of the empirical research as it is.
Effect of Karma Yoga on Leadership
In the survey conducted the following results were observed and analysed:
Factors Identified Under Leadership:
1. Guidance
2. Behaviour
3. Motivation
During the short tenure of Karma Yoga, it was found that
- 69% of the people were able to provide proper guidance to the relatively powerless people.
- 65% of the people were able to set an example by way of their behaviour or conduct during their interactions with the relatively powerless people.
- 57% of the people were able to motivate the relatively powerless people to work with them in order to make the change happen
Karma Yoga has proved to have a dual effect of providing positive effects to both the benefactor and its receiver.
The Relatively Powerless People were short of resources which hampered their path to success; once provided with those resources and a direction to start off with, the sky seemed to be the limit for their dreams and aspirations to be achieved. For the benefactor on the other hand the two months had proved to be a learning experience. The satisfaction felt after having helped someone had brought immense happiness to their hearts. Extracting the best out of each team member and putting their act together with the common goal of uplifting the relatively powerless has helped them realize the innate leadership qualities in each of them. Helping the relatively powerless to see a silver lining in every dark cloud that they had faced in their lives, motivating them to overcome these hurdles and see every block faced in their lives as an opportunity to improve themselves and emerge out stronger and helping them nurture each other’s talents and positive aspects to face the real world. Having hands on experience in helping out a third person seemed to have had a very good impact on the human side of a person more so on his leadership abilities. In today’s business world a human touch seems to be lacking as the days go by, Karma Yoga brings in just that, it helps a person to understand the scenarios and responsibilities of others in a more humane sense.
Influence
Factors identified under this are
1. Awareness
2. Persuasion
3. Change
- 81% of the respondents felt that this project helped improved their awareness levels.
- 61% of respondents felt that they were able to persuade the needy people with the solution that works towards solving their problems.
- Only 46% of the respondents felt that they were able to see some change coming in the groups with whom they have worked. When probed about the reasons for this, we have understood that it is because short duration of the project period. They have felt that it should be done for atleast 6 months to one to see exact results desired from them.
In all 62% of the respondents were able to influence the groups during various situations and occasions.
Power :
Factors analyzed under the Power Factors
1. Belief in Self
2. Excessive usage
3. Special characteristics like.
1. Knowledge & Wisdom
2. Holiness
3. Goodness
4. Love & Compassion
5. Truth & Justice
The following conclusions can be derived from the above statistics:
- 73% of the people who took part in the survey felt that they have the power to make a difference to others lives. This made evident their belief in themselves to be able to bring about a change.
- 53% of the people felt that they had propensity towards excessive use of power in hand.
- 65% of people felt that Love and compassion were the factors that were put to maximum use during the course of the project.
The survey revealed that the power of self awareness, awareness that one can achieve something if one can put the required effort was dominant. Love and compassion were the qualities that equipped them to come up with ideas and execute them almost flawlessly. This only goes to prove that kind and appropriate words and actions are the biggest motivators for the benefactors and beneficiaries. Connecting it to the corporate world, a team can actually meet their goals very effectively not just by applying pressures of rewards and promotion but also through positive interactions, by being considerate of other team members and being supportive of them. Excessive use of power is a cause for concern but again where there is power, its misuse coexists. Nevertheless, the relatively low percentage of misuse of power points towards the positive direction.
Often in the hectic jungle of competition and rewards, people forget to halt and watch their colleagues and friends. It is important that if future leaders are to be produced, the existing grass root level executors be given support and motivation by taking them along in the organization. This mini survey may not be the best indicator of the use of Karma Yoga in organizations but it definitely points towards the benefits of exploring the humane side of humans organizations.
Conclusion
From the empirical study that we have conducted, we have found a high degree of positive correlation between the factors of OB and Karma Yoga. The more the amount of time a person spends on Karma Yoga or in public service, the higher his power, influencing and leadership skills improve. Following are our observations:
1. Interactions with relatively powerless people, increase a person’s awareness persuasion skills. The change which is observed by the person involved in action, acts as a feedback mechanism. It also helps student involved in Karma Yoga to think and design or draft a solution that fits the needy.
2. This also improves guiding and motivating skills of the person engaged in serving. In this situation the person acting as a leader needs to set an example and worthy emulation. This gives an opportunity for the person to constantly learn from his experiences and in the process improve his own gaps.
3. A person engaged in the service gets to realize his potential and starts believing that there’s some power in him which can bring in some change to the life of a needy.
4. We have not found any traces of people misusing the power or opportunity given to them. Though they might have to command yet times, but that’s in the best interest of the relatively powerless people.
5. 65% of our respondents believed that they have done the service with Love & Compassion, which is really an amazing thing for a young generation in the average age group of 25 years.
As we all are aware, organizations are suffering with lack of leaders in this extremely hyper competitive market. Having seen the positive impact of Karma Yoga on Organizational Behavior factors, organizations can think of sending their employees on such field studies under the guidance of a transformational leader who is aware of Karma Yoga. This can definitely make them realize the inherent power and increase their influencing and leadership skills.
Limitations and suggestions for future research :
As far as our knowledge goes, this is the first of its kind of a study trying to interlink factors of Organizational Behavior and Karma Yoga, the yoga of action. Limitations exist due to the size of the sample because this has been administered only in one B-School, where students have studied Foundations of Eastern Philosophy as a course in their curriculum. Before we make any generalizations on this, the survey has to be administered on people across the geographical locations and varied age groups. Further course of study can also include by extending scope of study by adding more number of variables from Organizational Behavior.
References
Complete works of Swami Vivekananda, Advaita Ashrama
The Yoga of Action – Karma Yoga, Swami Vivekanda
Transformational Leadership, James MacGregor Burns (1978)
Organizational Behaviour, Fred Lufthens
Organizational Behaviour, Stephen Robins
Foundations of Eastern Philosophy, Dr Venkat R Krishan
Karma Yoga Project reports of students
Jeevan Blood Bank
Kakum Karangal
Sex Workers
Oldage Home
Juvenile Home
World Vision
Orphanage
Online Resources
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/
http://www.ramakrishna.org/
http://www.sivananda.org/
www.bhagavad-gita.org
www.geocities.com/neovedanta